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Forced air convection cooling - a powerful solution for demanding cooling requirements
In recent decades, the need for high-precision cooling technologies, especially in the -80°C to -60°C range, has increased significantly. This is due to the remarkable growth in areas such as clinical research and commercial production. Traditional cooling technologies, such as cold wall technology, have held their place, but the evolution of needs and requirements has led to the development and proliferation of alternative cooling methods.
What is forced air convection cooling?
Air convection cooling is an advanced cooling technology that aims to pass air tempered to the target temperature through a chamber. This method provides uniform and repeatable cooling throughout the chamber area. Unlike traditional cold wall technology, which provides cooling through the expansion of a refrigerant in the chamber walls, convection cooling focuses on direct temperature control of the air circulating through the chamber
.How does forced air convection cooling work?
Air convection cooling is based on the principle of forced air circulation to ensure an even temperature distribution within a chamber. It also ensures rapid temperature regeneration after the door is opened. This process can be divided into several key steps:
- Tempering the air: The first step of air convection cooling begins with tempering the air to the desired target temperature. This is done using a cooling system that works in a similar way to a refrigerator, but is designed for more precise and lower temperatures. A refrigerant circulates through a system of compressors and evaporators, cooling the air before it is introduced into the chamber.
- Forced air circulation: After the air has been cooled to the target temperature, it is moved through the chamber by a fan or blower. This forced circulation is the key to convection cooling as it ensures that the cool air reaches every corner of the chamber. In contrast to static cold wall cooling, where cold surfaces passively cool the air, the active movement of the air enables a much faster and more even temperature distribution.
- Uniform temperature distribution: The continuous circulation of temperature-controlled air results in a homogeneous temperature throughout the entire interior of the chamber. This is particularly important when storing or processing sensitive materials that require a constant temperature. The forced air circulation also prevents the formation of temperature gradients or "hotspots" that can occur with conventional cooling systems.
- Feedback loop and temperature control: Modern air convection cooling systems are equipped with sensors and a microcontroller that monitor the temperature in real time. If the sensors detect a deviation from the target temperature, they automatically adjust the cooling capacity to correct the temperature. This feedback system ensures precise temperature control and contributes to the energy efficiency of the system by avoiding unnecessary cooling.

Left: A solution with air convection cooling. Before outside air reaches the chamber, it is cooled. The air is then forced to circulate continuously, which ensures an even temperature distribution. Right: A classic solution with a traditional cooling system - the air is cooled by the "cold wall" at the back of the appliance.
Advantages of forced air convection cooling
- Uniform cooling: The technology ensures consistent temperature distribution in the chamber, which is particularly important when storing high-quality materials and large loads.
- Extended system life cycle: Uniform cooling reduces the load on the compressor, which extends the service life of the cooling units.
- Flexibility: Air convection cooling is ideal for a wide range of loading scenarios and demanding performance requirements.
Application considerations
When using cooling technologies for new projects or installations, consider air convection cooling when:- Large load quantities need to be cooled.
- The products to be stored vary and change.
- There are high requirements for temperature uniformity and stability
- High-quality materials need to be stored.
- Regular opening and closing of the doors is expected
Air convection cooling offers a reliable and efficient solution for modern cooling needs, especially in commercial applications and precise temperature requirements. Its ability to provide consistent and repeatable cooling makes it a valuable alternative to traditional refrigeration technologies. With the advent of increased demand for vaccines, air convection cooling has proven to be a robust technology specifically designed for commercial applications and precise temperature needs. It offers an advanced solution that meets the demanding requirements of today's market.